Scientific Name: Myrmecia pilosula
Class: Insecta
Identification & Behaviour
Jumping Jack Ants, also known as Myrmecia pilosula, are a highly aggressive, venomous species of bull ant, native to Australia. They are black or reddish-brown, with long mandibles and a distinctive jumping motion when disturbed. Jumping Jack ants have a diverse diet that consists of various food sources. These ants are solitary foragers and rely on their keen vision to detect threats and prey.
They prefer rural and woodland habitats, specifically warm, dry, open eucalypt woodlands with the fine gravel and sandy soil in suburban areas. Jumping Jack Ants are usually found in native vegetation, using rockeries, concrete wall cracks and dry soil to build their nests.
Are Jumping Jack Ants a pest in Australia?
While Jumping Jack Ants in Australia play a role in the ecosystem by preying on other insects, they are less common in urban areas. They are considered a pest in residential and commercial areas due to:
Painful and Dangerous Stings – It is one of the few ant species that can be dangerous to humans, along with other ants in the genus Myrmecia. The ant venom is particularly immunogenic for an insect venom; and causes about 90% of Australian allergies. In other words, their venom is highly toxic and in endemic areas, up to 3% of the human population has developed an allergy to the venom and about half of these allergic people can suffer from anaphylactic reactions (increased heart rate, falling blood pressure and other symptoms), which can lead to death on rare occasions.
Aggressive Nature – These ants are large, and the species is known for its ability to jump long distances. Workers and males are about the same size (12-14mm) They will attack in large numbers if their nest is disturbed.
Nesting in High-Traffic Areas – They build nests in gardens, lawns, playgrounds, and near buildings, increasing the risk of human contact.
Jumping Jack Ants (Myrmecia pilosula) can be a serious threat to pets. These highly aggressive ants have powerful venomous stings that cause intense pain, swelling, and, in some cases, severe allergic reactions or anaphylaxis. Small animals, such as cats and dogs, are especially at risk if they disturb a nest while playing, sniffing, or digging.
How Jumping Jack Ants Affect Pets
Painful Stings – The sting of a Jumping Jack Ant can cause localised pain, redness, and swelling, which may result in limping or discomfort.
Allergic Reactions – Some pets may develop severe swelling, breathing difficulties, vomiting, or even anaphylaxis, requiring urgent veterinary care.
Repeated Stings – Unlike bees, these ants can sting multiple times, increasing the risk of serious reactions.
Eye and Paw Irritation – If a pet gets stung on the face, eyes, or paws, it can lead to temporary vision issues or difficulty walking.
Signs Your Pet Has Been Stung
Whimpering, excessive licking, or chewing at a specific spot
Swelling around the face, muzzle, or paws
Sudden lethargy, weakness, or difficulty breathing
Vomiting or signs of distress
Have antihistamines or an emergency pet first-aid plan in case of an allergic reaction (consult your vet for the best approach).
Should They Be Treated?
Yes, professional pest control intervention is definately recommended if Jumping Jack Ants are found near homes, schools, or workplaces, particularly where children or allergic individuals are present.
Conclusion
If you encounter Jumping Jack Ants on your property, avoid disturbing them and seek professional pest management to ensure safety. A technician will assess the severity of the infestation and apply targeted treatments to eliminate them safely and effectively. Pest operators may recommend barrier treatments around home foundations, gardens, and pet areas. This may include follow-up and preventative advice such as sealing entry points, removing food sources and keeping outdoor areas tidy.
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